Stories

Recent Resources

Critically Endangered
80 percent certain, based on the evidence available
Speaker Number Trends

Speaker Number Trend 5

A small percentage of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing very rapidly.

5
Transmission

Transmission 5

There are only a few elderly speakers.

5

Revitalization Programs

Community Members

Forums

Bibliography

Bibliography of Vitality:
Crevels, Mily. 2012. "Language Endangerment in South America: The Clock Is Ticking." In The Indigenous Languages of South America: A Comprehensive Guide, 167-234. Mouton de Gruyter.
Bibliography of Locations:
Personal communication from Willem Adelaar, 2015, on Tunayana.
Bibliography of Context:
Personal communication from Willem Adelaar, 2015, on Tunayana.