Projet Langues en danger

ÉGALEMENT APPELÉ		Kumhale, Kumbale, Kumkale, Kumali
CLASSIFICATION		Indo-European, Indo-Iranian, Indo-Aryan
ORTHOGRAPHY		Devanagari script
CODE DE RÉFÉRENCECODE DE LANGUE		ISO 639-3
CODE DE LANGUE		kra
VARIANTES ET DIALECTES		Arghakhanchi Gorkha Nawalparasi Palpa
TÉLÉCHARGER		En tant que csv
RESSOURCES SUPPLÉMENTAIRES		Recherche au sein de la communauté OLAC (Open Language Archives Community)

Compare Sources (4)

Informations incomplètes “Ethnologue: Languages of the World, 17th Edition (2013)” . Paul M. Lewis; Gary F. Simons; and Charles D. Fennig · Dallas, Texas: SIL International

En danger

100 percent certain, based on the evidence available
12,200
Locuteurs natifs dans le monde
Communauté ethnique
99,400

DATE OF INFO: 2011 census

DOMAINES D'UTILISATION

TENDANCES AU NIVEAU DES LOCUTEURS

TRANSMISSION

MORE ON VITALITY

"[E]ven the elderly are speaking Nepali half the time with each other. Most children do not speak Kumal at all."

ATTITUDE DES LOCUTEURS

increasing positive (not reflecting on their choice of language)

AUTRES LANGUES PARLÉES PAR LA COMMUNAUTÉ

Nepali

COMMENTAIRES SUR LE CONTEXTE DE LA LANGUE

The Kumhali is shifting to Nepali.

Caractères, systèmes d'écriture et orthographes

Devanagari script

PLACES: Nepal

LOCATION DESCRIPTION: "Lumbini Zone, Nawalparasi district, south of Darai [dry] language area; Arghakhanchi and Palpa districts; Gandaki Zone, Gorkha and Tanahun districts; Rapti Zone, Dang district."

Menacée

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available
6,533
Locuteurs natifs dans le monde

PLACES: Nepal

Menacée

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available
6,533
Locuteurs natifs dans le monde

En grand danger

60 percent certain, based on the evidence available
unknown
Locuteurs natifs dans le monde

DOMAINES D'UTILISATION
TRANSMISSION
AUTRES LANGUES PARLÉES PAR LA COMMUNAUTÉ
COMMENTAIRES SUR LE CONTEXTE DE LA LANGUE: heavily influenced by Nepali. Kumhali is used only at home and with community members who speak and understand the language.

PLACES: Nepal

17th	2013	Ethnologue: Languages of the World, 17th Edition (2013)		Paul M. Lewis; Gary F. Simons; and Charles D. Fennig	Dallas, Texas: SIL International				http://www.ethnologue.com Ethnologue: Languages of the World, 17th Edition (2013)		Lewis, M. Paul, Gary F. Simons, and Charles D. Fennig (eds.), 2013. Ethnologue: Languages of the World, 17th edition. Dallas, Texas: SIL International. Online version: http://www.ethnologue.com.		99,400	12,200	2011 census	10000-99999	all	Nepali	increasing positive (not reflecting on their choice of language)	The Kumhali is shifting to Nepali.	all	Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)	12	"[E]ven the elderly are speaking Nepali half the time with each other. Most children do not speak Kumal at all."	14	14	Nepal	"Lumbini Zone, Nawalparasi district, south of Darai [dry] language area; Arghakhanchi and Palpa districts; Gandaki Zone, Gorkha and Tanahun districts; Rapti Zone, Dang district."
3rd	2010	Atlas of the World’s Languages in Danger			UNESCO Publishing			Paris	http://www.unesco.org/culture/en/endangeredlanguages/atlas	Christopher Moseley (ed.)	Moseley, Christopher (ed.). 2010. Atlas of the World’s Languages in Danger, 3rd edn. http://www.unesco.org/culture/en/endangeredlanguages/atlas. (03 June, 2011.)	ll_pub		6,533		1000-9999						Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)					Nepal		27.788,84.548
	2000	Verbal affixation in Kumal	28-35		Linguistic Society of Nepal, Tribhuvan University	Nepalese Linguistics	17		http://himalaya.socanth.cam.ac.uk/collections/journals/nepling/pdf/Nep_Ling_17.pdf	Bhim Lal Gautam	Gautam, Bhim Lal. 2000. Verbal affixation in Kumal. Nepalese Linguistics 17. 28-35. Kirtipur/Kathmandu: Linguistic Society of Nepal, Tribhuvan University.			unknown			all	Nepali		heavily influenced by Nepali. Kumhali is used only at home and with community members who speak and understand the language.	all	Severely Endangered (60 percent certain, based on the evidence available)	14		14		Nepal
		World Oral Literature Project							http://www.oralliterature.org		"World Oral Literature Project." Online: http://www.oralliterature.org.			6,533		1000-9999						Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)

Kumhali

Métadonnées relatives aux langues

Forum consacré à la documentation linguistique

En danger

100 percent certain, based on the evidence available

12,200

Menacée

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

6,533

Menacée

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

6,533

En grand danger

60 percent certain, based on the evidence available

unknown

Discussion

Kumhali

Métadonnées relatives aux langues

Forum consacré à la documentation linguistique

En danger

100 percent certain, based on the evidence available

12,200

Menacée

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

6,533

Menacée

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

6,533

En grand danger

60 percent certain, based on the evidence available

unknown

Discussion

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Sources d'informations

Autres