Also Known As:
Buddhist Bonan, Baoan, Bao'an, Baonan, Baongan, Bao'an Tu, Dordo, 青海保安語, mistakenly also: Tu, Monguour
Dialects & Varieties
A Grammar of Bao'an Tu: A Mongolic Language of Northwest China
Robert Wayne Fried. A Grammar of Bao'an Tu: A Mongolic Language of Northwest China. PhD thesis, University of Buffalo, State University of New York, 2010.
Threatened
100 percent certain, based on the evidence available
4,000
Native Speakers Worldwide
Speaker Number Trends
Speaker Number Trend 2
A majority of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are gradually decreasing.
2
Domains of Use
Domain Of Use 4
Used mainly only in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members.
4
Transmission
Transmission 1
Most adults in the community, and some children, are speakers.
1
Speakers
Native or fluent speakers:
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Second-language speakers and learners
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Semi-speakers or rememberers
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Children:
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Young adults
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Older adults
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Elders
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Ethnic or community population
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Year information was gathered
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Location and Context
Countries
China
Location Description
Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau in Tongren County, Huangnan Prefecture, Qinghai Province. Spoken in four villages located on fertile farmland in the broad Longwu river valley at an average elevation of 7,865 feet above sea level. Village names: Nianduhu, Guomare, Gasare, Bao'an Xiazhuang
Government Support
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Institutional Support
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Speakers' Attitude
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Other Languages Used By The Community
Amdo Tibetan, Mandarin Chinese
Number of Other Language Speakers:
almost all, except the youngest children and some elderly women
Domains of Other Languages:
government business and education conducted in Tibetan and Mandarin
Writing Systems
Standard orthography:
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Writing system:
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Other writing systems used:
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Comments on writing systems:
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Recent Resources
The Reb gong Vale is a densely populated high-altitude agricultural oasis that runs north-to-south f
Tibetan is viewed by Bao’an Tu speakers as having higher status than Bao’an for many reasons: it has a long literary tradition while Bao’an has no writing system; it is the language of high religion; it has official status with the government (which among other things means jobs as translators); it is the language of educational opportunity; and it is the language of the more powerful majority in the area.