Also Known As:
Tombatu, Toundanow, Lo'bahikolai
Dialects & Varieties
Recent Resources
The Tonsawang (a.k.a Tombatu or Toundanow) language is traditionally spoken in the town of Tombatu a
The videos uploaded to this channel are the result of collaboration between Dr Timothy Brickell (
Join Mr Bodi Sambow as he shows us the traditional way to produce dried coconut flesh, or copra, in
Severely Endangered
100 percent certain, based on the evidence available
optimistic estimate of 8,000-10,000
Native Speakers Worldwide
Speaker Number Trends
Speaker Number Trend 3
Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace.
3
Domains of Use
Domain Of Use 5
Used only in a few very specific domains, such as in ceremonies, songs, prayer, proverbs, or certain limited domestic activities.
5
Transmission
Transmission 3
Some adults in the community are speakers, but the language is not spoken by children.
3
Bibliography
Bibliography of Vitality:
Tonsawang (Toundanow), North Sulawesi, Indonesia - Language Contexts
Bibliography of Locations:
Tonsawang (Toundanow), North Sulawesi, Indonesia - Language Contexts
Bibliography of Context:
Tonsawang (Toundanow), North Sulawesi, Indonesia - Language Contexts