Also Known As:
East Parana, Guana, Chuala, Chana, Gapun
Dialects & Varieties
Australasia and the Pacific
Stephen Wurm. 2007. "Australasia and the Pacific." In Encyclopedia of the World's Endangered Languages, edited by Christopher Moseley. 425-577. Routledge.
Severely Endangered
80 percent certain, based on the evidence available
74
Native Speakers Worldwide
Speaker Number Trends
Speaker Number Trend 4
Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace.
4
Transmission
Transmission 4
Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not.
4
Speakers
Native or fluent speakers:
No results found.
Second-language speakers and learners
No results found.
Semi-speakers or rememberers
No results found.
Children:
No results found.
Young adults
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Older adults
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Elders
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Ethnic or community population
No results found.
Year information was gathered
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Comments on speakers
Heavy pressure from surrounding languages such as Abu (Adjora) and Tok Pisin.
Location and Context
Countries
Papua New Guinea
Location Description
Northeastern corner of the East Sepik Province. Spoken inland, south of the Sepik River mouth.
Government Support
No results found.
Institutional Support
No results found.
Speakers' Attitude
No results found.
Other Languages Used By The Community
None
Number of Other Language Speakers:
None
Domains of Other Languages:
None
Writing Systems
Standard orthography:
No results found.
Writing system:
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Other writing systems used:
No results text.
Comments on writing systems:
No literacy
Recent Resources
Informative message
No results found.