Endangered Languages Project

KLASSIFIZIERUNG		Indo-European, Indo-Iranian, Iranian, Eastern Iranian
CODE AUTHORITY		ISO 639-3
SPRACHENCODE		prc
VARIANTEN & DIALEKTE		Ghujulan Shutul Nijrau
DOWNLOAD		Als csv
WEITERE RESSOURCEN		OLAC-Suche

Compare Sources (8)

Informationen von: “Parachi” (693-720 ch. 12) . Kieffer, Charles M. (2009) , Gernot Windfuhr · Routledge

Bedroht

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available
6,900
Muttersprachler weltweit

ANDERE VON DER GEMEINSCHAFT GESPROCHENE SPRACHEN

ORTSBESCHREIBUNG: Spoken north-east of Kabul in three valleys in the southern foothills of the western Hindukosh, in the Shotol valley north of Golbahar, in the Pacheghan branch of the Nejraw valley north-east of Golbahar, and in the Ghochulan branch of the same valley. Speakers represent remnant linguistic pockets of an earlier dialect continuum.

Sicher gefährdet

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available
600
Muttersprachler weltweit
Ethnische Population
5,000-6,000

ORTE: Afghanistan;

Sicher gefährdet

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available
600
Muttersprachler weltweit

Bedroht

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available
5,000
Muttersprachler weltweit

KOMMENTARE ZUM SPRACHKONTEXT: Since 990/1582, as a result of Islamization, the Parāčī have experienced profound changes in their religious beliefs and ethics. For a long time these affected their language without really endangering it. However the isolation protecting them from the common languages gradually decreased as the political unification undertaken by Amir ʿAbd-al-Raḥmān (1302-19/1885-1901) progressed. More recently, construction of roads and compulsory military service have dealt a fatal blow. Economic development accomplished the rest; not only did it create new needs, upset the traditional network of market places, and break the balance of prices for agricultural and industrial products, it also permanently destroyed Parāčī self-sufficiency by drawing irreplaceable manual labor to the factories and the towns.

ORTE: Spoken in three valleys on the southern slope of the Hindu Kush: Šotol, between Sālang and Panǰšīr, and Ḡočūlān and Pačaḡān, both in the area of Neǰrao (Neǰrāb)

Bedroht

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available
A few thousand
Muttersprachler weltweit
MEHR ZUR ANZAHL DER SPRECHER
From the uncertain and partly contradictory information given we can only venture to guess that Parāčī is not spoken by more than a few thousand persons.

ORTE: Northeast of Kabul in the Šotol valley, north of Golbahār, and in the Ḡočūlān and Pačaḡān branches of the Neǰrao valley, northeast of Golbahār

Bedroht

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available
6,000
Muttersprachler weltweit

Sicher gefährdet

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available
100-999
Muttersprachler weltweit
MEHR ZUR ANZAHL DER SPRECHER
"My informants differed considerably regarding the number of persons speaking Parachi. According to M. they were in all 100 persons; G said that there were 2-300 houses in Shutul, 100 of which were inhabited by Parachis, while the poet T held that his tribe occupied 400 houses in Shutul and 600 in Nijrau."

DATUM DER INFORMATION: 1924

Skripte (Schreibsysteme und Orthografien): none

ORTE: Ruidarra and Shutul

	16	2009	Ethnologue: Languages of the World, 16th Edition (2009)			M. Paul Lewis	SIL International			Dallas, TX		http://www.ethnologue.com/		Lewis, M. Paul (ed.). 2009. Ethnologue: Languages of the World, 16 edn. http://www.ethnologue.com/home.asp. (15 February, 2011.)	ll_pub	5,000-6,000	600		100-999					Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)	Afghanistan;
Routledge Language Family Series		2009	Parachi	The Iranian Languages	693-720	Gernot Windfuhr	Routledge				12		Kieffer, Charles M.	Charles M. Kieffer. 2009. "Parachi." In The Iranian Languages, edited by Gernot Windfuhr. 693-720. Routledge.			6,900		1000-9999		Persian		All are bi- or multilingual	Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)		Spoken north-east of Kabul in three valleys in the southern foothills of the western Hindukosh, in the Shotol valley north of Golbahar, in the Pacheghan branch of the Nejraw valley north-east of Golbahar, and in the Ghochulan branch of the same valley. Speakers represent remnant linguistic pockets of an earlier dialect continuum.
	3rd	2010	Atlas of the World’s Languages in Danger				UNESCO Publishing			Paris		http://www.unesco.org/culture/en/endangeredlanguages/atlas	Christopher Moseley (ed.)	Moseley, Christopher (ed.). 2010. Atlas of the World’s Languages in Danger, 3rd edn. http://www.unesco.org/culture/en/endangeredlanguages/atlas. (03 June, 2011.)	ll_pub		6,000		1000-9999					Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)			34.4658,68.637
		1982	AFGHANISTAN v. Languages					Encyclopaedia Iranica, Online Edition				http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/afghanistan-v-languages	Kieffer, Charles M.	Charles M. Kieffer. 1982. "AFGHANISTAN V. Languages." In Encyclopaedia Iranica, Online Edition, Online: http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/afghanistan-v-languages.			5,000		1000-9999			Since 990/1582, as a result of Islamization, the Parāčī have experienced profound changes in their religious beliefs and ethics. For a long time these affected their language without really endangering it. However the isolation protecting them from the common languages gradually decreased as the political unification undertaken by Amir ʿAbd-al-Raḥmān (1302-19/1885-1901) progressed. More recently, construction of roads and compulsory military service have dealt a fatal blow. Economic development accomplished the rest; not only did it create new needs, upset the traditional network of market places, and break the balance of prices for agricultural and industrial products, it also permanently destroyed Parāčī self-sufficiency by drawing irreplaceable manual labor to the factories and the towns.		Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)	Spoken in three valleys on the southern slope of the Hindu Kush: Šotol, between Sālang and Panǰšīr, and Ḡočūlān and Pačaḡān, both in the area of Neǰrao (Neǰrāb)
			Glottolog									http://www.glottolog.org/glottolog/		"Glottolog." Online: http://www.glottolog.org/glottolog/.													36.059939, 70.905775
			World Oral Literature Project									http://www.oralliterature.org		"World Oral Literature Project." Online: http://www.oralliterature.org.			600		100-999					Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)
Indo-Iranian Frontier Languages	2	1973	Parachi and Ormuri				Oslo: Universitetsforlaget		1				Georg Morgenstierne	Morgenstierne, Georg. 1973. "Parachi and Ormuri." 1: Oslo: Universitetsforlaget.	HHOLD			1924	100-999	"My informants differed considerably regarding the number of persons speaking Parachi. According to M. they were in all 100 persons; G said that there were 2-300 houses in Shutul, 100 of which were inhabited by Parachis, while the poet T held that his tribe occupied 400 houses in Shutul and 600 in Nijrau."				Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)	Ruidarra and Shutul
		1983	AFGHANISTAN vii. Parāčī					Encyclopaedia Iranica, Online Edition				http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/afghanistan-vii-paraci	Morgenstierne, Georg	Georg Morgenstierne. 1983. "AFGHANISTAN Vii. Parāčī." In Encyclopaedia Iranica, Online Edition, Online: http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/afghanistan-vii-paraci.			A few thousand		1000-9999	From the uncertain and partly contradictory information given we can only venture to guess that Parāčī is not spoken by more than a few thousand persons.				Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)	Northeast of Kabul in the Šotol valley, north of Golbahār, and in the Ḡočūlān and Pačaḡān branches of the Neǰrao valley, northeast of Golbahār

Parachi

Metadaten der Sprache

Sprachdokumentationsforum

Bedroht

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

6,900

Sicher gefährdet

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

600

Sicher gefährdet

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

600

Bedroht

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

5,000

Bedroht

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

A few thousand

Bedroht

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

6,000

Sicher gefährdet

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

100-999

Diskussion

Parachi

Metadaten der Sprache

Sprachdokumentationsforum

Bedroht

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

6,900

Sicher gefährdet

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

600

Sicher gefährdet

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

600

Bedroht

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

5,000

Bedroht

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

A few thousand

Bedroht

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

6,000

Sicher gefährdet

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

100-999

Diskussion

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