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Language Information by Source

Source 1
Source 2
Maintenance and shift in a language of Sarawak: a study of Bintulu

Bibi Aminah Abdul Ghani. 2006. "Maintenance and Shift in a Language of Sarawak: a Study of Bintulu." In Reflections in Borneo rivers: essays in honour of Professor James T. Collins, edited by Chong Shin; Karim Harun; Yabit Alas. 111-126. Pontianak: STAIN Pontianak Press.

Vulnerable
100 percent certain, based on the evidence available
About Vitality Level
Speaker Number Trends

Speaker Number Trend 0

Almost all members of the community or ethnic group speak the language, and the number of speakers is stable or increasing.

0
Domains of Use

Domain Of Use 2

Used in some non-official domains along with other languages, and remains the primary language used in the home for many community members.

2
Transmission

Transmission -1

All members of the community, including children, speak the language.

-1
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Speakers
Native or fluent speakers:
No results found.
Second-language speakers and learners
No results found.
Semi-speakers or rememberers
No results found.
Children:
No results found.
Young adults
No results found.
Older adults
No results found.
Elders
No results found.
Ethnic or community population
16,156
Year information was gathered
No results found.
Comments on speakers
Twenty years ago Bintulu was a small fishing town. Today, it is a quickly developing industrial center for oil and gas production.

Location and Context
Countries
Malaysia
Location Description

In and around the town of Bintulu, in the province of Sarawak on the Island of Borneo. Bintulu is located at the mouth of the Kemena River. Spoken in the following villages around urban Bintulu: Kampong Masjid, Kampong Sinong, Kampong Datuk, Kampong Sibiew, Kampong Baru, Kampong Jepak, KampongSebuan, Kampong Batu Sepuluh, and Kidurung

Government Support
Not an official language. Not used at any level of government
Institutional Support
No results found.
Speakers' Attitude
Positive attitudes
Other Languages Used By The Community
Nearly the entire community is bilingual in Bintulu and Malay. A large portion also use English.
Number of Other Language Speakers:
Nearly the entire community is Bilingual
Domains of Other Languages:
Malay is used everywhere except in the home and with other Bintulu community members

Writing Systems
Standard orthography:
No results found.
Writing system:
No results found.
Other writing systems used:
No results text.
Comments on writing systems:
No results found.

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