Also Known As:
Palūla, Palola, Dangarīk, Palula, Phalulo, Dangarik, Biyori, Dardu
Dialects & Varieties
- Northern Phalura
- Ashreti
Towards a grammatical description of Palula: An Indo-Aryan language of the Hindu Kush
Liljegren, Henrik. Towards a Grammatical Description of Palula: An Indo-Aryan Language of the Hindu Kush. PhD thesis, Stockholm University, 2008.
Vulnerable
100 percent certain, based on the evidence available
9,841
Native Speakers Worldwide
Speaker Number Trends
Speaker Number Trend 0
Almost all members of the community or ethnic group speak the language, and the number of speakers is stable or increasing.
0
Domains of Use
Domain Of Use 1
Used in most domains except for official ones such as government, mass media, education etc.
1
Transmission
Transmission -1
All members of the community, including children, speak the language.
-1
Speakers
Native or fluent speakers:
No results found.
Second-language speakers and learners
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Semi-speakers or rememberers
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Children:
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Young adults
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Older adults
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Elders
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Ethnic or community population
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Year information was gathered
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Comments on speakers
Urdu is the official language and medium for instruction while Pashto is the provincial language where the Palula live. Khowar is used with non-Palulu speakers in Chitral whereas Pashto is used with non-Khowar speakers in the province.
Location and Context
Countries
Pakistan
Location Description
The Palula mainly dwell in the Ashret and the Biori valleys, located in the southern part of Chitral district, North-West Frontier Province, Pakistan. Scattered settlements are also found in Purigal, Kalkatak and Badrugal where the vitality of Palula is decreasing.
Government Support
no
Institutional Support
no
Speakers' Attitude
positive
Other Languages Used By The Community
Khowar; Pashto; Urdu
Number of Other Language Speakers:
all
Domains of Other Languages:
Urdu in official domains; Khowar and Pashto with outsiders
Writing Systems
Standard orthography:
No results found.
Writing system:
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Other writing systems used:
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Comments on writing systems:
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Recent Resources
Message informatif
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