Also Known As:
Karagas, Tofalar, тофаларский язык, Tofaca, Tofa Türkçesi, Тоъфа дыл, Tòfa dıl
Dialects & Varieties
Recent Resources
Linguists Greg Anderson and David Harrison interview Spartak Dmitrievich Kongaraev regarding the Tof
Konstantin Mukhaev (born 1948) recites a story in the Tofa language in the Nersa village, Tofalar di
Lydia Stepanovna Bolxoeva (born 1939) sings a song in the Tofa language.
Critically Endangered
60 percent certain, based on the evidence available
310
Native Speakers Worldwide
Transmission
Transmission 5
There are only a few elderly speakers.
5
Bibliography
Bibliography of Vitality:
Salminen, Tapani. 2007. "Europe and North Asia." In Encyclopedia of the World's Endangered Languages, edited by C. Moseley. 211-282. London & New York: Routledge.
Bibliography of Locations:
2005. "The World Atlas of Language Structures." edited by Bernard Comrie et al. Oxford University Press.
Bibliography of Context:
"The Red Book of the Peoples of the Russian Empire." edited by Andrew Humphreys and Krista Mits. Online: http://www.eki.ee/books/redbook.