Stories

Recent Resources

Vulnerable
80 percent certain, based on the evidence available
~2,000,000
Native Speakers Worldwide
Speaker Number Trends

Speaker Number Trend 1

Most members of the community or ethnic group speak the language. Speaker numbers may be decreasing, but very slowly.

1
Transmission

Transmission 1

Most adults in the community, and some children, are speakers.

1

Revitalization Programs

Community Members

Forums

Bibliography

Bibliography of Vitality:
Salminen, Tapani. 2007. "Europe and North Asia." In Encyclopedia of the World's Endangered Languages, edited by C. Moseley. 211-282. London & New York: Routledge.
Bibliography of Locations:
2005. "The World Atlas of Language Structures." edited by Bernard Comrie et al. Oxford University Press.
Bibliography of Context:
Salminen, Tapani. 2007. "Europe and North Asia." In Encyclopedia of the World's Endangered Languages, edited by C. Moseley. 211-282. London & New York: Routledge.