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Language Information by Source

Source 1
Chimwiini: Endangered Status and Syntactic Distinctiveness

Brent Henderson. 2010. "Chimwiini: Endangered Status and Syntactic Distinctiveness." In Journal of West African Languages, 37: Online: http://web.clas.ufl.edu/users/bhendrsn/JWAL%%20paper%%20Chimwiini.pdf.

Speakers
Native or fluent speakers:
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Second-language speakers and learners
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Semi-speakers or rememberers
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Children:
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Young adults
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Older adults
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Elders
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Ethnic or community population
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Year information was gathered
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Comments on speakers
"Whatever the factors responsible for the stabilization of Chimwiini over the past six hundred years, the situation has changed drastically within the past forty years largely due to political maneuverings... By 1972 all government officials were required to speak and write Somali [the national language of Somalia] and it was instituted in all public schools, including the school in Brava. ... [The] most important factor in the endangerment of Chimwiini was the eruption of civil war in Somalia in the early 1990s. ... Those who could leave Brava did so by whatever means possible. ... In just three decades, Chimwiini has gone from having a stable community of speakers to having its speakers scattered across the globe."

Location and Context
Countries
Somalia
Location Description

"For centuries, [Chimwiini] has been spoken in the town of Mwiini, better known to outsiders as Brava or Barawa, in southern Somalia, just 200 kilometers south of Mogadishu. ... Most [speakers] fled to Kenya in 1991-92... Today, the largest communities of Bravanese reside in London and Manchester in the UK, Atlanta and Columbus, OH in the US, and in Mombasa. A small community also continues to reside in Brava itself, but their residence there remains precarious."

Government Support
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Institutional Support
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Speakers' Attitude
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Other Languages Used By The Community
Somali, Tunni, English (in UK and US)
Number of Other Language Speakers:
Most
Domains of Other Languages:
None

Writing Systems
Standard orthography:
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Writing system:
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Other writing systems used:
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Comments on writing systems:
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Community Members