Stories

Recent Resources

Endangered
80 percent certain, based on the evidence available
425
Native Speakers Worldwide
Speaker Number Trends

Speaker Number Trend 3

Only about half of community members speak the language. Speaker numbers are decreasing steadily, but not at an accelerated pace.

3
Transmission

Transmission 2

Most adults in the community are speakers, but children generally are not.

2

Revitalization Programs

Community Members

Forums

Bibliography

Bibliography of Vitality:
Roger Blench. 2012. "An Atlas of Nigerian Languages." The latest version of the Index of Nigerian Languages. 3rd. Edition. Online: http://www.rogerblench.info/Language/Africa/Nigeria/Atlas%20of%20Nigerian%20Languages-%20ed%20III.pdf
Bibliography of Locations:
Roger Blench. 2012. "An Atlas of Nigerian Languages." The latest version of the Index of Nigerian Languages. 3rd. Edition. Online: http://www.rogerblench.info/Language/Africa/Nigeria/Atlas%20of%20Nigerian%20Languages-%20ed%20III.pdf
Bibliography of Context:
Roger Blench. 2012. "An Atlas of Nigerian Languages." The latest version of the Index of Nigerian Languages. 3rd. Edition. Online: http://www.rogerblench.info/Language/Africa/Nigeria/Atlas%20of%20Nigerian%20Languages-%20ed%20III.pdf