Did you know Mono (United States) is critically endangered?

ALSO KNOWN AS		Monachi, Saidyuka, Mono (in United States), Monache
CLASSIFICATION		Uto-Aztecan, Northern Uto-Aztecan, Numic
CODE AUTHORITY		ISO 639-3
LANGUAGE CODE		mnr
VARIANTS & DIALECTS		Eastern Mono (Owens Valley Paiute) Western Mono (Monachi) Northeastern Mono Southeastern Mono
DOWNLOAD		As csv
MORE RESOURCES		OLAC search

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Information from: “Ethnologue: Languages of the World, 16th Edition (2009)” . M. Paul Lewis · SIL International

Critically endangered

80 percent certain, based on the evidence available
39
Native speakers worldwide
Ethnic population
600
MORE ON SPEAKER NUMBERS
10-12 North Fork, 15 Auberry, 7-8 Big Sandy, 5-6 "Dunlap, no Waksachi" (L. Hinton (1994). Alternate ethnic population: 103 (2000 US census). Data for the ethnic population is from A. Yamamoto (2000).
(37 [2016].)

DATE OF INFO: 1994

SPEAKER NUMBER TRENDS
TRANSMISSION

PLACES: USA, California

LOCATION DESCRIPTION: East central California, Sierra Nevada west side, between Yosemite National Park and King Canyon National Park; Sierra Nevada east side, Owens Valley, Lone Pine north to Big Pine.

Critically endangered

80 percent certain, based on the evidence available
50
Native speakers worldwide
SEMI SPEAKERS
100
OLDER ADULTS
Youngest speaker of Western Mono is in his 50s.
ELDERS
all 30 of Eastern Mono.

SPEAKER NUMBER TRENDS

TRANSMISSION

MORE ON VITALITY

Western Mono (or Monachi) is spoken in several communities that are close by (and socially connected to) Yokuts communities. The most important of these are at North Fork and Auberry (Big Sandy Rancheria), each of which has at least 10 fully fluent speakers, the youngest in his 50s. There are also a few speakers at Tollhouse (Cold Springs Rancheria) and Dunlop. In addition, 100 or more people have some passive or second-language knowledge of the language. Eastern Mono (or Owens Valley Paiute) is spoken in the Owens Valley communities of Bishop, Big Pine, Lone Pine, and Fort Independence. All Eastern Mono speakers are elderly and number
not more than 30 in a total population of about 1,000.

PLACES: USA, California

LOCATION DESCRIPTION: Western Mono (or Monachi) is spoken in several communities that are close by (and socially connected to) Yokuts communities. The most important of these are at North Fork and Auberry (Big Sandy Rancheria), each of which has at least 10 fully fluent speakers, the youngest in his 50s. There are also a few speakers at Tollhouse (Cold Springs Rancheria) and Dunlop. In addition, 100 or more people have some passive or second-language knowledge of the language. Eastern Mono (or Owens Valley Paiute) is spoken in the Owens Valley communities of Bishop, Big Pine, Lone Pine, and Fort Independence.

PLACES: USA, California

Severely endangered

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available
39
Native speakers worldwide

Endangered

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available
370
Native speakers worldwide

PLACES: USA, California

0199255911		2005	The World Atlas of Language Structures			Bernard Comrie and David Gil and Martin Haspelmath and Matthew S. Dryer	Oxford University Press	New York			2005. "The World Atlas of Language Structures." edited by Bernard Comrie et al. Oxford University Press.																38.0,-119.0
	16	2009	Ethnologue: Languages of the World, 16th Edition (2009)			M. Paul Lewis	SIL International	Dallas, TX	http://www.ethnologue.com/		Lewis, M. Paul (ed.). 2009. Ethnologue: Languages of the World, 16 edn. http://www.ethnologue.com/home.asp. (15 February, 2011.)	ll_pub		600	39	1994	10-99	10-12 North Fork, 15 Auberry, 7-8 Big Sandy, 5-6 "Dunlap, no Waksachi" (L. Hinton (1994). Alternate ethnic population: 103 (2000 US census). Data for the ethnic population is from A. Yamamoto (2000). (37 [2016].)			Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)	15		15	USA, California	East central California, Sierra Nevada west side, between Yosemite National Park and King Canyon National Park; Sierra Nevada east side, Owens Valley, Lone Pine north to Big Pine.
	3rd	2010	Atlas of the World’s Languages in Danger				UNESCO Publishing	Paris	http://www.unesco.org/culture/en/endangeredlanguages/atlas	Christopher Moseley (ed.)	Moseley, Christopher (ed.). 2010. Atlas of the World’s Languages in Danger, 3rd edn. http://www.unesco.org/culture/en/endangeredlanguages/atlas. (03 June, 2011.)	ll_pub			370		100-999				Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)				USA, California		37.0943,-119.4999
		2008	North America	Atlas of the World's Languages	7-41	Chris Moseley and Ron Asher	Routledge	London		Victor Golla and Ives Goddard and Lyle Campbell and Marianne Mithun and Mauricio Mixco	Victor Golla, Ives Goddard, Lyle Campbell, Marianne Mithun and Mauricio Mixco. 2008. "North America." In Atlas of the World's Languages, edited by Chris Moseley and Ron Asher. 7-41. Routledge.		Youngest speaker of Western Mono is in his 50s.		50		10-99		100	all 30 of Eastern Mono.	Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)	15	Western Mono (or Monachi) is spoken in several communities that are close by (and socially connected to) Yokuts communities. The most important of these are at North Fork and Auberry (Big Sandy Rancheria), each of which has at least 10 fully fluent speakers, the youngest in his 50s. There are also a few speakers at Tollhouse (Cold Springs Rancheria) and Dunlop. In addition, 100 or more people have some passive or second-language knowledge of the language. Eastern Mono (or Owens Valley Paiute) is spoken in the Owens Valley communities of Bishop, Big Pine, Lone Pine, and Fort Independence. All Eastern Mono speakers are elderly and number not more than 30 in a total population of about 1,000.	15	USA, California	Western Mono (or Monachi) is spoken in several communities that are close by (and socially connected to) Yokuts communities. The most important of these are at North Fork and Auberry (Big Sandy Rancheria), each of which has at least 10 fully fluent speakers, the youngest in his 50s. There are also a few speakers at Tollhouse (Cold Springs Rancheria) and Dunlop. In addition, 100 or more people have some passive or second-language knowledge of the language. Eastern Mono (or Owens Valley Paiute) is spoken in the Owens Valley communities of Bishop, Big Pine, Lone Pine, and Fort Independence.
	2nd edition	2010	Endangered Languages of the United States	Atlas of the World’s Languages in Danger of Disappearing	108-130	Christopher Moseley	UNESCO	Paris		Christopher Rogers, Naomi Palosaari and Lyle Campbell	Christopher Rogers, Naomi Palosaari and Lyle Campbell. 2010. "Endangered Languages of the United States." In Atlas of the World’s Languages in Danger of Disappearing, edited by Christopher Moseley. 108-130. UNESCO.														USA, California		37.0943,-119.4999
			World Oral Literature Project						http://www.oralliterature.org		"World Oral Literature Project." Online: http://www.oralliterature.org.				39		10-99				Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)

Mono (United States)

Language metadata

Language information by source

Critically endangered

80 percent certain, based on the evidence available

39

Critically endangered

80 percent certain, based on the evidence available

50

Severely endangered

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

39

Endangered

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

370

Discussion

Mono (United States)

Language metadata

Language information by source

Critically endangered

80 percent certain, based on the evidence available

39

Critically endangered

80 percent certain, based on the evidence available

50

Severely endangered

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

39

Endangered

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

370

Discussion

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