Endangered Languages Project

ALSO KNOWN AS		Banks-Inseln
CLASSIFICATION		Austronesian, Malayo-Polynesian, Oceanic, Northern Vanuatu
CODE AUTHORITY		ISO 639-3
LANGUAGE CODE		akr
DOWNLOAD		As csv
MORE RESOURCES		OLAC search

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Information from: “Araki: a disappearing language of Vanuatu” . Alexandre François (2002) Australian National University

Critically endangered

100 percent certain, based on the evidence available
15
Native speakers worldwide
Ethnic population
about 100
ELDERS
15
MORE ON SPEAKER NUMBERS
More recent data show that speaker numbers are continuing to decline. Alexandre Francois reports 8 speakers in 2014 (pers. comm.)

DATE OF INFO: 2002

DOMAINS OF USE

SPEAKER NUMBER TRENDS

TRANSMISSION

MORE ON VITALITY

Araki has always had a small population of speakers. In 1897 there were 103 total. The modern language, however, is in rapid decline.

OTHER LANGUAGES USED BY THE COMMUNITY

Bislama
Tangoa
English

PLACES: Vanuatu

LOCATION DESCRIPTION: Spoken on a small island called Araki, about 3 miles off the southern coast of Espiritu Santo. The island is roughly 2.5 square kilometers.

Critically endangered

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available
8
Native speakers worldwide

Critically endangered

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available
8
Native speakers worldwide

PLACES: Vanuatu;

8
Native speakers worldwide

PLACES: Vanuatu

LOCATION DESCRIPTION: Espiritu Santo, Araki

Critically endangered

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available
8
Native speakers worldwide

PLACES: Vanuatu

LOCATION DESCRIPTION: Araki Island

Critically endangered

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available
8
Native speakers worldwide

Severely endangered

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available
60-70
Native speakers worldwide
MORE ON SPEAKER NUMBERS
105 speakers were reported in 1983. Today there are 60–70 speakers, with very few children speakers.

MORE ON VITALITY

Children switching to Tangoa

OTHER LANGUAGES USED BY THE COMMUNITY

Tangoa

More on Orthography

No literacy in language

PLACES: Vanuatu

LOCATION DESCRIPTION: Araki Island off South Santo

Pacific Linguistics			2002	Araki: a disappearing language of Vanuatu				Australian National University	522	Canberra		Alexandre François		WALS	about 100	15	2002	10-99	More recent data show that speaker numbers are continuing to decline. Alexandre Francois reports 8 speakers in 2014 (pers. comm.)	15	Bislama and Tangoa are used in most domains, including in the church. English is the language of education, but Bislama is often used in schools.	Bislama, Tangoa, English	Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)	15	Araki has always had a small population of speakers. In 1897 there were 103 total. The modern language, however, is in rapid decline.	15	15	Vanuatu	Spoken on a small island called Araki, about 3 miles off the southern coast of Espiritu Santo. The island is roughly 2.5 square kilometers.	-15.632, 166.952
		16	2009	Ethnologue: Languages of the World, 16th Edition (2009)			M. Paul Lewis	SIL International		Dallas, TX	http://www.ethnologue.com/		Lewis, M. Paul (ed.). 2009. Ethnologue: Languages of the World, 16 edn. http://www.ethnologue.com/home.asp. (15 February, 2011.)	ll_pub		8		1-9					Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)					Vanuatu;
		3rd	2010	Atlas of the World’s Languages in Danger				UNESCO Publishing		Paris	http://www.unesco.org/culture/en/endangeredlanguages/atlas	Christopher Moseley (ed.)	Moseley, Christopher (ed.). 2010. Atlas of the World’s Languages in Danger, 3rd edn. http://www.unesco.org/culture/en/endangeredlanguages/atlas. (03 June, 2011.)	ll_pub		8		1-9					Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)							-15.6322,166.9413
Studies in the Languages of Island Melanesia			2015	The exceptional linguistic density of Vanuatu	The Languages of Vanuatu: Unity and Diversity	1–21	Alexandre François, Sebastien Lacrampe, Michael Franjieh, and Stefan Schnell	Asia Pacific Linguistics Open Access		Canberra	http://hdl.handle.net/1885/14819	Alexandre François, Michael Franjieh, Sebastien Lacrampe, and Stefan Schnell	Alexandre François, Michael Franjieh, Sebastien Lacrampe, and Stefan Schnell. 2015. The exceptional linguistic density of Vanuatu. In "The Languages of Vanuatu: Unity and Diversity", ed. by Alexandre François, Sebastien Lacrampe, Michael Franjieh, and Stefan Schnell. Studies in the Languages of Island Melanesia, 5. Canberra: Asia Pacific Linguistics Open Access. Pp. 1–21. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/14819			8												Vanuatu	Espiritu Santo, Araki	-15.631782,166.952889;
				World Oral Literature Project							http://www.oralliterature.org		"World Oral Literature Project." Online: http://www.oralliterature.org.			8		1-9					Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)
	May		2014	Personal Communication on Languages of Vanuatu								Alex Francois	Alex Francois. 2014. "Personal Communication On Languages of Vanuatu."			8		1-9					Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)					Vanuatu	Araki Island
			2007	Australasia and the Pacific	Encyclopedia of the World's Endangered Languages	425-577	Christopher Moseley	Routledge		London and New York		Stephen Wurm	Stephen Wurm. 2007. "Australasia and the Pacific." In Encyclopedia of the World's Endangered Languages, edited by Christopher Moseley. 425-577. Routledge.			60-70		10-99	105 speakers were reported in 1983. Today there are 60–70 speakers, with very few children speakers.			Tangoa	Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)		Children switching to Tangoa			Vanuatu	Araki Island off South Santo	-15.6666666667,166.916666667

Araki

Language metadata

Language information by source

Critically endangered

100 percent certain, based on the evidence available

15

Critically endangered

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

8

Critically endangered

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

8

8

Critically endangered

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

8

Critically endangered

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

8

Severely endangered

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

60-70

Discussion

Araki

Language metadata

Language information by source

Critically endangered

100 percent certain, based on the evidence available

15

Critically endangered

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

8

Critically endangered

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

8

8

Critically endangered

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

8

Critically endangered

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

8

Severely endangered

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

60-70

Discussion

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