Endangered Languages Project

ALSO KNOWN AS		Furlan, Frioulan, Frioulian, Priulian, Friulano
CLASSIFICATION		Indo-European, Italic, Romance, Western Romance
ORTHOGRAPHY		Latin
CODE AUTHORITY		ISO 639-3
LANGUAGE CODE		fur
VARIANTS & DIALECTS		East Central Friulian Western Friulian Carnico
DOWNLOAD		As csv
MORE RESOURCES		OLAC search

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Information from: “The Conundrum of Friulian Language Vitality” (375-410) . De Cia, Simone (2021)

Threatened

100 percent certain, based on the evidence available
600,412
Native speakers worldwide
MORE ON SPEAKER NUMBERS
421,679 are regular speakers and 178,733 are occasional speakers

DATE OF INFO: 2015

DOMAINS OF USE

SPEAKER NUMBER TRENDS

TRANSMISSION

MORE ON VITALITY

While Friulian is still relatively thriving in home-related/familiar settings, the use of Friulian has considerably declined in any type of public domain: the use of the minority language seems to be limited to casual social encounters (alongside Italian).

SPEAKER ATTITUDE

The majority of the community supports language maintenance.

GOVERNMENT SUPPORT

Officially Minority Language

INSTITUTIONAL SUPPORT

Regional Agency for the Friulian Language (ARLeF)

OTHER LANGUAGES USED BY THE COMMUNITY

Italian

Scripts (Writing system)

Latin

More on Orthography

There is an official standardized orthography and some literary texts. Low level of literacy in Friulian.

PLACES: Italy

LOCATION DESCRIPTION

Friulian is spoken in 176 municipalities in the Italian provinces of Udine, Gorizia, and Pordenone in the Friuli-Venezia Giulia region

The core of the Friulian-speaking community lies in the province of Udine

At risk

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available
794,000
Native speakers worldwide

DATE OF INFO: 2000

PLACES: Italy;

At risk

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available
794,000
Native speakers worldwide

Vulnerable

80 percent certain, based on the evidence available
350,000- 500,000
Native speakers worldwide

SPEAKER NUMBER TRENDS

TRANSMISSION

MORE ON VITALITY

Many children learn the language, but often stop using it at school age

PLACES: Italy

LOCATION DESCRIPTION: spoken in the Autonomous Region Friuli-Venezia
Giulia except Trieste Province and western and eastern border regions, and in Portogruaro area in Venezia Province in Veneto Region.

At risk

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available
600,000
Native speakers worldwide

	15	2021	The Conundrum of Friulian Language Vitality		375-410		Online		Language Documentation and Conservation	15		University of Manchester		De Cia, Simone			600,412	2015	100000	421,679 are regular speakers and 178,733 are occasional speakers	Government, Education	Italian	Officially Minority Language	The majority of the community supports language maintenance.	Regional Agency for the Friulian Language (ARLeF)	Threatened (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)	12	While Friulian is still relatively thriving in home-related/familiar settings, the use of Friulian has considerably declined in any type of public domain: the use of the minority language seems to be limited to casual social encounters (alongside Italian).	12	13	Italy	Friulian is spoken in 176 municipalities in the Italian provinces of Udine, Gorizia, and Pordenone in the Friuli-Venezia Giulia region The core of the Friulian-speaking community lies in the province of Udine
3rd		2010	Atlas of the World’s Languages in Danger					UNESCO Publishing			Paris		http://www.unesco.org/culture/en/endangeredlanguages/atlas	Christopher Moseley (ed.)	Moseley, Christopher (ed.). 2010. Atlas of the World’s Languages in Danger, 3rd edn. http://www.unesco.org/culture/en/endangeredlanguages/atlas. (03 June, 2011.)	ll_pub	600,000		100000							At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)							46.1037,13.1396
		2007	Europe and North Asia	Encyclopedia of the World's Endangered Languages	211-282	C. Moseley		London & New York: Routledge						Tapani Salminen	Salminen, Tapani. 2007. "Europe and North Asia." In Encyclopedia of the World's Endangered Languages, edited by C. Moseley. 211-282. London & New York: Routledge.	HHOLD	350,000- 500,000		100000							Vulnerable (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)	11	Many children learn the language, but often stop using it at school age		12	Italy	spoken in the Autonomous Region Friuli-Venezia Giulia except Trieste Province and western and eastern border regions, and in Portogruaro area in Venezia Province in Veneto Region.
			World Oral Literature Project										http://www.oralliterature.org		"World Oral Literature Project." Online: http://www.oralliterature.org.		794,000		100000							At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)
16		2009	Ethnologue: Languages of the World, 16th Edition (2009)			M. Paul Lewis		SIL International			Dallas, TX		http://www.ethnologue.com/		Lewis, M. Paul (ed.). 2009. Ethnologue: Languages of the World, 16 edn. http://www.ethnologue.com/home.asp. (15 February, 2011.)	ll_pub	794,000	2000	100000							At risk (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)					Italy;

Friulian

Language metadata

Language information by source

Threatened

100 percent certain, based on the evidence available

600,412

At risk

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

794,000

At risk

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

794,000

Vulnerable

80 percent certain, based on the evidence available

350,000- 500,000

At risk

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

600,000

Discussion

Friulian

Language metadata

Language information by source

Threatened

100 percent certain, based on the evidence available

600,412

At risk

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

794,000

At risk

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

794,000

Vulnerable

80 percent certain, based on the evidence available

350,000- 500,000

At risk

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

600,000

Discussion

Suggest information or improvement

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Sources of information

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