Endangered Languages Project

Alias		Saaroa, Lha’alua, Saroa, Saarua, Rarua, La'alua, La'arua, Pachien, Paichien, Sisyaban, Shishaban, 拉阿魯哇語
KLASSIFIZIERUNG		Austronesian, Tsouic
ORTHGRAFIE		Roman Script
CODE AUTHORITY		ISO 639-3
SPRACHENCODE		sxr
DOWNLOAD		Als csv
WEITERE RESSOURCEN		OLAC-Suche
WEITERE KOMMENTARE		The Tsouic language has traditionally been divided into the northern branch (Tsou) and the southern branch (Kanakanabu and Saaroa). As for the ethnicity, the Saaroa people, together with the Kanakanabu people, had long been classified as part of the Tsou nationality in Taiwan. However, the Saaroa and the Kanakanabu have been officially recognized as two independent ethnic groups in June 26, 2014.

Compare Sources (3)

Informationen von: “A grammar of Lha’alua, an Austronesian language of Taiwan” . Chia-jung Pan (2012)

Ernsthaft gefährdet

100 percent certain, based on the evidence available
10
Muttersprachler weltweit
Ethnische Population
400
MEHR ZUR ANZAHL DER SPRECHER
The speaker number has reduced to less than 10 after an elderly speaker passed away in 2013.

DATUM DER INFORMATION: 2012

NUTZUNGSBEREICHE

ENTWICKLUNGSTENDENZEN BEI SPRECHERN

VERBREITUNG

MEHR ZU SPRACHBESTÄNDIGKEIT

Even for those who are truly native of Lha’alua speakers, they almost always use Mandarin or Bunun in their daily life. The Lha’alua language is not actively spoken anymore. In other words, there is no active speech community of the Lha’alua language.

ANDERE VON DER GEMEINSCHAFT GESPROCHENE SPRACHEN

Mandarin; Southern Min; Japanese (elderly population only); Bunun

Skripte (Schreibsysteme und Orthografien)

Roman Script

Rechtschreibung

In December 2005, a standard orthography system was officially established by
the Council of Indigenous Peoples (CIP/行政院原住民族委員會) and the Ministry of Education (MOE/教育部) of Executive Yuan, Taiwan.

ORTE: Taiwan

ORTSBESCHREIBUNG: The Lha’alua people reside in the Taoyuan Village (Chinese name: 桃源村) and Kaochung Village (Chinese name: 高中村), Taoyuan District (Chinese name: 桃源區), Kaohsiung City, Taiwan. Some Lha’alua people relocated themselves to the current Maya Village, Namasia District (Chinese name: 那瑪夏區), Kaohsiung City between 1931 and 1936.

Ernsthaft gefährdet

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available
1-9
Muttersprachler weltweit
MEHR ZUR ANZAHL DER SPRECHER
A few old speakers

MEHR ZU SPRACHBESTÄNDIGKEIT

Most of the ethnic group has shifted to Bunun and Taiwanese Chinese

ANDERE VON DER GEMEINSCHAFT GESPROCHENE SPRACHEN

Bunun
Taiwanese Chinese

ORTE: Southcentral Taiwan

ORTSBESCHREIBUNG: Southeast of Minchuan and of the Kanakanabu language area, on the Laonung River

Ernsthaft gefährdet

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available
6
Muttersprachler weltweit
Ethnische Population
300
MEHR ZUR ANZAHL DER SPRECHER
Data for the number of native speakers comes from S. Wurm (2000).

ORTE: Taiwan

ORTSBESCHREIBUNG: West central mountains, south and southeast of Minchuan (mangchu), along Laonung River, Namaxia district.

			2012	A grammar of Lha’alua, an Austronesian language of Taiwan						School of Arts and Social Sciences	James Cook University		Chia-jung Pan	Chia-jung Pan. A Grammar of Lha’alua, An Austronesian Language of Taiwan. PhD thesis, James Cook University, 2012.		400	10	2012	10-99	The speaker number has reduced to less than 10 after an elderly speaker passed away in 2013.	Mandarin; Southern Min; Japanese (elderly population only); Bunun	Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)	15	Even for those who are truly native of Lha’alua speakers, they almost always use Mandarin or Bunun in their daily life. The Lha’alua language is not actively spoken anymore. In other words, there is no active speech community of the Lha’alua language.	15	15	Taiwan	The Lha’alua people reside in the Taoyuan Village (Chinese name: 桃源村) and Kaochung Village (Chinese name: 高中村), Taoyuan District (Chinese name: 桃源區), Kaohsiung City, Taiwan. Some Lha’alua people relocated themselves to the current Maya Village, Namasia District (Chinese name: 那瑪夏區), Kaohsiung City between 1931 and 1936.	23.133, 120.721; 23.228, 120.84989
070071197X	3	1	2007	Australia and the Pacific	Encyclopedia of the World's Endangered Languages	424-557		Routledge	Abingdon				Stephen A Wurm	Wurm, Stephen A. 2007. Australia and the Pacific. In Christopher Moseley, Encyclopedia of the World's Endangered Languages, 1 edn., 424-557. Abingdon: Routledge. ISBN 070071197X	ll_pub				1-9	A few old speakers	Bunun, Taiwanese Chinese	Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)		Most of the ethnic group has shifted to Bunun and Taiwanese Chinese			Southcentral Taiwan	Southeast of Minchuan and of the Kanakanabu language area, on the Laonung River
		16	2009	Ethnologue: Languages of the World, 16th Edition (2009)			M. Paul Lewis	SIL International	Dallas, TX			http://www.ethnologue.com/		Lewis, M. Paul (ed.). 2009. Ethnologue: Languages of the World, 16 edn. http://www.ethnologue.com/home.asp. (15 February, 2011.)	ll_pub	300	6		1-9	Data for the number of native speakers comes from S. Wurm (2000).		Critically Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)					Taiwan	West central mountains, south and southeast of Minchuan (mangchu), along Laonung River, Namaxia district.

Hla'alua

Metadaten der Sprache

Sprachdokumentationsforum

Ernsthaft gefährdet

100 percent certain, based on the evidence available

10

Ernsthaft gefährdet

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

1-9

Ernsthaft gefährdet

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

6

Diskussion

Hla'alua

Metadaten der Sprache

Sprachdokumentationsforum

Ernsthaft gefährdet

100 percent certain, based on the evidence available

10

Ernsthaft gefährdet

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

1-9

Ernsthaft gefährdet

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

6

Diskussion

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