Supporting and celebrating global linguistic diversity
Classification: Tungusic
·severely endangered
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Orochen, Orochon, Ulunchun, Oronchon, Olunchun, Elunchun, Oročon, 鄂倫春語 |
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Tungusic, Northern Tungusic |
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ISO 639-3 |
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orh |
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As csv |
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Information from: “Encyclopedia of the World's Endangered Languages” . Christopher Moseley (2007) Routledge
Information from: “Encyclopedia of the World's Endangered Languages” . Christopher Moseley (2007) Routledge
Northeastern Inner Mongolia and Northwestern Heilongjiang Province
Information from: “Red Book on Endangered Languages: Northeast Asia” . Juha Janhunen; Tapani Salminen (2000)
"mean age of youngest speakers: varies locally between 20 and 40"
Mandarin Chinese
"on a tentative basis and with poor results, the language has been taught at a few elementary schools (in IPA transcription); Chinese (Mandarin) is becoming the main language within both monoethnic and multiethnic families"
Inner Mongolia and Heilongjiang Province
"administratively divided between Hulun Buir Aimak, Inner Mongolia (Orochen proper: esp. in the Orochen Autonomous Banner), and the province of Heilongjiang (subgroups along the Amur basin: Birarchen, Selpechen, and Kumarchen)"
Information from: “Atlas of the World’s Languages in Danger” . Christopher Moseley (ed.) (2010) UNESCO Publishing
Information from: “Ethnologue: Languages of the World, 16th Edition (2009)” . M. Paul Lewis · SIL International
8,196
1,200 (2002 L. Whaley). 800 are monolingual. Ethnic population: 8,196 (2000 census).
Information from: “The Red Book of the Peoples of the Russian Empire” . Andrew Humphreys and Krista Mits ·
1,551
In 1979 31% of the ethnic population of 1,551, were considered to be native speakers which is approximately 480.
Primary education in the mother tongue began as early as 1931, when the first school textbooks in the Udeghe language appeared. As elsewhere in the Soviet Union, this process had subsided by the late 1930s and another attempt to create a new Udeghe alphabet was made only in the late 1970s. Nowadays, the mother tongue is again taught in some schools, but only as an optional subject.
An attempt to create a new Udeghe alphabet was made only in the late 1970s.
The Udeghes are scattered over an extensive area in the Khabarovsk region and in the Ussuri taiga, in the northern part of the Primorye region. They have no compact settled area. They live in the neighbourhood of the Nanais and the Nivkhs and in places are mixed with them.