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Critically Endangered
100 percent certain, based on the evidence available
15
Native Speakers Worldwide
Speaker Number Trends
Speaker Number Trend 4
Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace.
4
Domains of Use
Domain Of Use 4
Used mainly only in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members.
4
Transmission
Transmission 5
There are only a few elderly speakers.
5
Bibliography
Bibliography of Vitality:
Lana Takau. 2014. "Personal Communication."
Bibliography of Locations:
John Lynch. 2005. "The Apicolabial Shift in Nese." In Oceanic Linguistics, 44: 389–403.
Bibliography of Context:
Lana Takau. 2014. "Personal Communication."