Language Information by Source

On the Edge of Grammar: Discourse Particles in Niuean

Diane Massam, Donna Starks and Ofania Ikiua. 2006. "On the Edge of Grammar: Discourse Particles in Niuean." In Oceanic Linguistics, 45: 191-205. University of Hawai'i Press. Online: http://www.jstor.org/stable/4499952.

Speakers

Native or fluent speakers:
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Second-language speakers and learners
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Semi-speakers or rememberers
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Children:
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Young adults
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Older adults
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Elders
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Ethnic or community population
approximately 21,700
Year information was gathered
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Comments on speakers
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Location and Context

Countries
Niue; New Zealand
Location Description
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Government Support
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Institutional Support
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Speakers' Attitude
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Other Languages Used By The Community
English
Number of Other Language Speakers:
None
Domains of Other Languages:
None

Writing Systems

Standard orthography:
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Writing system:
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Other writing systems used:
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Comments on writing systems:
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Community Members