Amami
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Also Known As:
Kikai, Kunigami, Northern Amami-Oshima, Oki-no-Erabu, Southern Amami-Oshima, Toku-no-Shima, Yoron, Ryukyuan, Oshima, Osima, Oosima, Northern Ryukyuan, Amami-Osima, Okinoerabu, Okierabu, Tokunosima, 奄美語, 奄美方言, 国頭語, 国頭方言, Shimayumuta, 島口, シマユムタ
Dialects & Varieties
  • Onotsu
  • Nago
  • Sani
  • Naze
  • West Oki-No-Erabu
  • East Oki-No-Erabu
  • Kametsu
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Amami
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Language Information by Source

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Amami grammar

Niinaga, Y. (2015). Amami grammar. In Heinrich, P., Miyara, S., & Shimoji, M. (Eds.), Handbook of the Ryukyuan languages : history, structure, and use (323-343) . De Gruyter Mouton. https://doi.org/10.1515/9781614511151

Severely Endangered
100 percent certain, based on the evidence available
About Vitality Level
~37,000
Native Speakers Worldwide
Speaker Number Trends

Speaker Number Trend 4

Less than half of the community speaks the language, and speaker numbers are decreasing at an accelerated pace.

4
Domains of Use

Domain Of Use 4

Used mainly only in the home and/or with family, and may not be the primary language even in these domains for many community members.

4
Transmission

Transmission 4

Many of the grandparent generation speak the language, but younger people generally do not.

4
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Speakers
Native or fluent speakers:
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Second-language speakers and learners
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Semi-speakers or rememberers
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Children:
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Young adults
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Older adults
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Elders
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Ethnic or community population
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Year information was gathered
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Comments on speakers
Hara and Heinrich (2015)'s chapter in the Handbook of the Ryukyuan Languages discusses The Society for Okinawan Dialect Revitalization, est. 2000, which established an Uchinaaguchi kana orthography, published teaching materials, has conducted training for prospective Uchinaaguchi teachers, and has established a quarterly newspaper written only in Uchinaaguchi. Uchinaaguchi is taught as part of club activities in many elementary and high schools in Okinawa.

Location and Context
Countries
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Location Description

"The Amami Islands are located between Kyushu and the Okinawa Islands in the southwest of Japan. The Amami Islands include Amami Ōshima, Kikai, Tokunoshima, Okinoerabu, and Yoron. These islands stretch over a distance of 200 kilometres from north to south. The southern part of Amami Ōshima can be divided into Kakeroma, Yoro, and Uke. Each island in the Amami Archipelago has its own dialects."

Government Support
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Institutional Support
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Speakers' Attitude
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Other Languages Used By The Community
Japanese
Number of Other Language Speakers:
None
Domains of Other Languages:
None

Writing Systems
Standard orthography:
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Writing system:
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Other writing systems used:
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Comments on writing systems:
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