• Critically endangered

  80 percent certain, based on the evidence available

• ~400

  Native speakers worldwide
• Ethnic population

  2,808

• CHILDREN

  0

• YOUNG ADULTS

  0

• MORE ON SPEAKER NUMBERS

  No fluent speakers under fifty.

SPEAKER NUMBER TRENDS

TRANSMISSION

MORE ON VITALITY

Severely endangered but some language heritage activities underway in the village school.

OTHER LANGUAGES USED BY THE COMMUNITY

• Chinese

PLACES

China

LOCATION DESCRIPTION

Yunnan, Kunming City, Guandu District

• Critically endangered

  100 percent certain, based on the evidence available

• 400

  Native speakers worldwide
• Ethnic population

  2810

• MORE ON SPEAKER NUMBERS

  Population and speaker data from Bradley (2007)

DOMAINS OF USE

SPEAKER NUMBER TRENDS

TRANSMISSION

MORE ON VITALITY

No fluent speakers under 50.

INSTITUTIONAL SUPPORT

Some language heritage activities underway in the village school (Bradley 2007).

OTHER LANGUAGES USED BY THE COMMUNITY

• Mandarin [cmn]

PLACES

China

LOCATION DESCRIPTION

Yunnan Province, Guandu district, Kunming municipality, Zijun village. A few elderly speakers in Zhenkang and Yongde.