Endangered Languages Project

ALSO KNOWN AS		Mangalaa, Mangarla, Manala, Maŋala, Minala, Mangal, Mangula, Mangai, Djawali, Djuwali, Jiwali, Jiwarli, Koalgurdi, Yalmbau, Mangala
CLASSIFICATION		Pama-Nyungan, Marrngu
CODE AUTHORITY		ISO 639-3
LANGUAGE CODE		mem
DOWNLOAD		As csv
MORE RESOURCES		OLAC search

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Information from: “Mangala” . Wangka Maya Pilbara Aboriginal Language Centre (2009)

Severely endangered

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available
<20
Native speakers worldwide
MORE ON SPEAKER NUMBERS
"In 2002 there were estimated to be less than 20 Mangala speakers left in the Pilbara. There are many more Mangala people who have a partial or passive understanding of the language. Other people identify as being of Mangala heritage and do not speak the language or speak other languages after marrying into other language groups."

DATE OF INFO: 2002

LOCATION DESCRIPTION: "Traditionally Mangala people lived in the north-western section of the Great Sandy Desert region of Western Australia."

Critically endangered

100 percent certain, based on the evidence available
<20
Native speakers worldwide
MORE ON SPEAKER NUMBERS
"In 1981, possibly twenty speakers were reported, all of them elderly."

DATE OF INFO: 1981

DOMAINS OF USE

SPEAKER NUMBER TRENDS

TRANSMISSION

MORE ON VITALITY

"No literacy in it. ... Children knew a few words... Today there are very few speakers left. The language is moribund."

OTHER LANGUAGES USED BY THE COMMUNITY

Kriol
Aboriginal English

LANGUAGE CONTEXT COMMENTS

"Children knew a few words, but spoke the English-based pidgin lingua franca Kriol or Aboriginal English."

PLACES: Australia: Northwestern Western Australia, southeast of Broome, on the Jurgurra Creek, at the Edgar Range, West Pilbara.

Severely endangered

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available
~20
Native speakers worldwide

Severely endangered

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available
20
Native speakers worldwide

			2011	How many languages were spoken in Australia?			Also includes subsequent additions by CB directly into ElCat						http://anggarrgoon.files.wordpress.com/2011/12/austlangs-masterlanguagelist-dec2011.xlsx	Claire Bowern	Claire Bowern. 2011. "How Many Languages Were Spoken in Australia?" Online: http://anggarrgoon.files.wordpress.com/2011/12/austlangs-masterlanguagelist-dec2011.xlsx.															-19.492,123.84
		3rd	2010	Atlas of the World’s Languages in Danger						UNESCO Publishing	Paris		http://www.unesco.org/culture/en/endangeredlanguages/atlas	Christopher Moseley (ed.)	Moseley, Christopher (ed.). 2010. Atlas of the World’s Languages in Danger, 3rd edn. http://www.unesco.org/culture/en/endangeredlanguages/atlas. (03 June, 2011.)	ll_pub	20		10-99				Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)
			2007	Australasia and the Pacific	Atlas of the World's Languages	97-126		R. E. Asher and Christopher Moseley		Routledge		4		Darrell Tryon	Tryon, Darrell. 2007. "Australasia and the Pacific." In Atlas of the World's Languages, edited by R. E. Asher and Christopher Moseley. 97-126. Routledge.		~20		10-99				Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)
			2009	Mangala					Web page				http://www.wangkamaya.org.au/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=174&Itemid=336	Wangka Maya Pilbara Aboriginal Language Centre	Wangka Maya Pilbara Aboriginal Language Centre. 2009. "Mangala." Online: http://www.wangkamaya.org.au/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=174&Itemid=336.		<20	2002	10-99	"In 2002 there were estimated to be less than 20 Mangala speakers left in the Pilbara. There are many more Mangala people who have a partial or passive understanding of the language. Other people identify as being of Mangala heritage and do not speak the language or speak other languages after marrying into other language groups."			Severely Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)						"Traditionally Mangala people lived in the north-western section of the Great Sandy Desert region of Western Australia."
070071197X	3	1	2007	Encyclopedia of the World's Endangered Languages						Routledge	Abingdon			Christopher Moseley	Moseley, Christopher. 2007. Encyclopedia of the World's Endangered Languages, 1 edn. Abingdon: Routledge. ISBN 070071197X	ll_pub	<20	1981	10-99	"In 1981, possibly twenty speakers were reported, all of them elderly."	Kriol, Aboriginal English	"Children knew a few words, but spoke the English-based pidgin lingua franca Kriol or Aboriginal English."	Critically Endangered (100 percent certain, based on the evidence available)	15	"No literacy in it. ... Children knew a few words... Today there are very few speakers left. The language is moribund."	15	15	Australia: Northwestern Western Australia, southeast of Broome, on the Jurgurra Creek, at the Edgar Range, West Pilbara.

Mangala

Language metadata

Language information by source

Severely endangered

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

<20

Critically endangered

100 percent certain, based on the evidence available

<20

Severely endangered

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

~20

Severely endangered

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

20

Discussion

Mangala

Language metadata

Language information by source

Severely endangered

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

<20

Critically endangered

100 percent certain, based on the evidence available

<20

Severely endangered

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

~20

Severely endangered

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

20

Discussion

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