Endangered Languages Project

ALSO KNOWN AS		Monpa, Ole Mönpa, 'Olekha, Black Mountain
CLASSIFICATION		Sino-Tibetan, Tibeto-Burman, Unclassified
CODE AUTHORITY		ISO 639-3
LANGUAGE CODE		ole
DOWNLOAD		As csv
MORE RESOURCES		OLAC search

Compare Sources (5)

Information from: “Worlds of knowledge in Central Bhutan: Documentation of ’Olekha” (77–106) . Gwendolyn Hyslop (2016)

Critically endangered

80 percent certain, based on the evidence available
3
Native speakers worldwide
Ethnic population
100-150
SEMI SPEAKERS
2
ELDERS
1
MORE ON SPEAKER NUMBERS
"In the population of approximately 100-150 people, only one woman would report herself as a fluent, native speaker. She is in her 80s. There are two semi-speakers in their mid-40s through mid-50s who learned the language form their grandparents. Although they are first-language Dzongkha speakers, they appear to have native-like comprehension of 'Olekha and near-fluent production. In addition, there are several other middle-aged villagers who appear to have passive understanding of the language but do not claim any ability to produce the language." (p.84)

SPEAKER NUMBER TRENDS
TRANSMISSION
OTHER LANGUAGES USED BY THE COMMUNITY

PLACES: Bhutan

LOCATION DESCRIPTION: Rukha village of south central Wangdi

Endangered

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available
~500
Native speakers worldwide

PLACES: Bhutan

LOCATION DESCRIPTION: Black Mountains of central Bhutan.

Threatened

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available
1,000
Native speakers worldwide

Endangered

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available
500
Native speakers worldwide

Endangered

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available
1,000
Native speakers worldwide
MORE ON SPEAKER NUMBERS
1,000 (Van Driem 1993)

DATE OF INFO: 1993

PLACES: Bhutan

3rd	2010	Atlas of the World’s Languages in Danger				UNESCO Publishing			Paris		http://www.unesco.org/culture/en/endangeredlanguages/atlas	Christopher Moseley (ed.)	Moseley, Christopher (ed.). 2010. Atlas of the World’s Languages in Danger, 3rd edn. http://www.unesco.org/culture/en/endangeredlanguages/atlas. (03 June, 2011.)	ll_pub		500		100-999					Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)					27.1955,90.43
	2016	Worlds of knowledge in Central Bhutan: Documentation of ’Olekha		77–106			Language Documentation & Conservation	10			http://hdl.handle.net/10125/24688	Gwendolyn Hyslop	Gwendolyn Hyslop. 2016. Worlds of knowledge in Central Bhutan: Documentation of ’Olekha. Language Documentation & Conservation 10: 77–106. http://hdl.handle.net/10125/24688		100-150	3		1-9	"In the population of approximately 100-150 people, only one woman would report herself as a fluent, native speaker. She is in her 80s. There are two semi-speakers in their mid-40s through mid-50s who learned the language form their grandparents. Although they are first-language Dzongkha speakers, they appear to have native-like comprehension of 'Olekha and near-fluent production. In addition, there are several other middle-aged villagers who appear to have passive understanding of the language but do not claim any ability to produce the language." (p.84)	2	1	Dzongkha	Critically Endangered (80 percent certain, based on the evidence available)	15	15	Bhutan	Rukha village of south central Wangdi	27.1291, 90.1109
	2007	South Asia and the Middle East	Encyclopedia of the World's Endangered Languages	289-348	Christopher Mosely	London and NewYork: Routledge				4		George Van Driem	Driem, George Van. 2007. "South Asia and the Middle East." In Encyclopedia of the World's Endangered Languages, edited by Christopher Mosely. 289-348. London and NewYork: Routledge.			~500		100-999					Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)			Bhutan	Black Mountains of central Bhutan.
		World Oral Literature Project									http://www.oralliterature.org		"World Oral Literature Project." Online: http://www.oralliterature.org.			1,000		1000-9999					Threatened (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)
16	2009	Ethnologue: Languages of the World, 16th Edition (2009)			M. Paul Lewis	SIL International			Dallas, TX		http://www.ethnologue.com/		Lewis, M. Paul (ed.). 2009. Ethnologue: Languages of the World, 16 edn. http://www.ethnologue.com/home.asp. (15 February, 2011.)	ll_pub		1,000	1993	100-999	1,000 (Van Driem 1993)				Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)			Bhutan

Olekha

Language metadata

Language information by source

Critically endangered

80 percent certain, based on the evidence available

3

Endangered

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

~500

Threatened

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

1,000

Endangered

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

500

Endangered

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

1,000

Discussion

Olekha

Language metadata

Language information by source

Critically endangered

80 percent certain, based on the evidence available

3

Endangered

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

~500

Threatened

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

1,000

Endangered

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

500

Endangered

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

1,000

Discussion

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