Information from: “Personal communication about Mapoyo, Yawarana, Pémono, and Tamanaku” . Gildea, Spike
Critically endangered
100 percent certain, based on the evidence available
3?
Mapoyo has 2-3 speakers (both Tania Granadillo and Mattéi Muller each claim to know 2-3 surviving elderly speakers, and it is not clear to me that their lists contain all the same speakers).
DATE OF INFO
2014
DOMAINS OF USE
SPEAKER NUMBER TRENDS
TRANSMISSION
MORE ON VITALITY
Mapoyo has 2-3 speakers (both Tania Granadillo and Mattéi Muller each claim to know 2-3 surviving elderly speakers, and it is not clear to me that their lists contain all the same speakers).
OTHER LANGUAGES USED BY THE COMMUNITY
Spanish
LANGUAGE CONTEXT COMMENTS
Mapoyo has 2-3 speakers (both Tania Granadillo and Mattéi Muller each claim to know 2-3 surviving elderly speakers, and it is not clear to me that their lists contain all the same speakers).
PLACES
Venezuela
Information from: “Ethnologue: Languages of the World, 16th Edition (2009)” . M. Paul Lewis · SIL International
Critically endangered
100 percent certain, based on the evidence available
12
365
a few
Data for the number of native speakers comes from the 2001 census. (Unchanged 2016.)
DATE OF INFO
2001
DOMAINS OF USE
SPEAKER NUMBER TRENDS
TRANSMISSION
MORE ON VITALITY
The number of speakers is decreasing.
PLACES
Venezuela;
Information from: “World Oral Literature Project” .
Critically endangered
20 percent certain, based on the evidence available
3
Information from: “Language endangerment in South America: The clock is ticking” (167-234) . Crevels, Mily (2012) , Lyle Campbell and Veronica Grondona · Mouton de Gruyter
Critically endangered
80 percent certain, based on the evidence available
~12
365
The 2001 census also registered 12 speakers of Mapoyo, but in this case there are probably actually less than a handful of semi-speakers left.
In 1998 the last elderly female speaker of Pémono lived with the Yabarana in an Upper Majagua village, but the language may be extinct today.
DATE OF INFO
2001
SPEAKER NUMBER TRENDS
TRANSMISSION
MORE ON VITALITY
The 2001 census also registered 12 speakers of Mapoyo, but in this case there are probably actually less than a handful of semi-speakers left.
PLACES
Venezuela
Information from: “The World Atlas of Language Structures” . Bernard Comrie and David Gil and Martin Haspelmath and Matthew S. Dryer · Oxford University Press