Endangered Languages Project

ALSO KNOWN AS		Qom, Toba Qom, Toba Sur, Namqom
CLASSIFICATION		Guaicuruan
CODE AUTHORITY		ISO 639-3
LANGUAGE CODE		tob
DOWNLOAD		As csv
MORE RESOURCES		OLAC search

Compare Sources (7)

Information from: “Language endangerment in South America: The clock is ticking” (167-234) . Crevels, Mily (2012) , Lyle Campbell and Veronica Grondona · Mouton de Gruyter

Vulnerable

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available
31,593
Native speakers worldwide
Ethnic population
70,951
MORE ON SPEAKER NUMBERS
Argentina 30,410 speakers, 69,452 populations. Paraguay 1,183 speakers, 1,499 population.

Vulnerable

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available
21,410
Native speakers worldwide
Ethnic population
40,000
MORE ON SPEAKER NUMBERS
19,800 in Argentina (2000 WCD). 1,510 in Paraguay (Perik 2007).

DATE OF INFO: 2000 (Argentina), 2007 (Paraguay)

PLACES: Paraguay; Bolivia; Argentina

LOCATION DESCRIPTION: Argentina: Eastern Formosa Province; Chaco Province. Paraguay: Northwest of Asunción

ADDITIONAL COMMENTS: Chaco Province, Resistencia, Fontana, Saenz Peña, Castelli, Tres Isletas, Miraflores, La Leonesa, Las Palmas, San Martín, Pcia. Roca, Bermejito, Pampa del Indio; Formosa Province, San Carlos, El Colorado, Misión Laishí, and others; Santa Fe Province, Rosario; Buenos Aires Province, La Plata.

Vulnerable

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available
20,656
Native speakers worldwide

Vulnerable

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available
30,000
Native speakers worldwide

PLACES: Argentina

Vulnerable

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available
40,760
Native speakers worldwide
Ethnic population
69,500 (from 2004)
MORE ON SPEAKER NUMBERS
40,000 in Argentina.
760 in Paraguay.

DATE OF INFO: 2007

PLACES: Argentina, Paraguay

ADDITIONAL COMMENTS

Argentina: Chaco province: Bermejito, Castelli, Fontana, La Leonesa, Las Palmas, Miraflores, Pampa del Indio, Pcia, Resistencia, Roca, Saenz Peña, San Martín, Tres Isletas; Corrientes province; Formosa province: El Colorado, Misión Laishí, San Carlos; Santa Fe province: Rosario.

Paraguay:
San Pedro department: Boquerón-Arasapety and Urukuy-Las Palmas; Presidente Hayes department: Cerrito-Cerriteño, Cerrito-Río Verde, Cerrito-Rosarino, Naiñec, and San José.

Endangered

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available
100-999
Native speakers worldwide
MORE ON SPEAKER NUMBERS
Speaker number: approximately 100 in Bolivia.

Ethnic population: 36,000–60,000 in Argentina.

DATE OF INFO: 2000

PLACES: Bolivia; Argentina

0199255911		2005	The World Atlas of Language Structures			Bernard Comrie and David Gil and Martin Haspelmath and Matthew S. Dryer		Oxford University Press	New York			2005. "The World Atlas of Language Structures." edited by Bernard Comrie et al. Oxford University Press.									Argentina		-26.5, -59.0
	16	2009	Ethnologue: Languages of the World, 16th Edition (2009)			M. Paul Lewis		SIL International	Dallas, TX	http://www.ethnologue.com/		Lewis, M. Paul (ed.). 2009. Ethnologue: Languages of the World, 16 edn. http://www.ethnologue.com/home.asp. (15 February, 2011.)	ll_pub	40,000	21,410	2000 (Argentina), 2007 (Paraguay)	10000-99999	19,800 in Argentina (2000 WCD). 1,510 in Paraguay (Perik 2007).	Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)	Chaco Province, Resistencia, Fontana, Saenz Peña, Castelli, Tres Isletas, Miraflores, La Leonesa, Las Palmas, San Martín, Pcia. Roca, Bermejito, Pampa del Indio; Formosa Province, San Carlos, El Colorado, Misión Laishí, and others; Santa Fe Province, Rosario; Buenos Aires Province, La Plata.	Paraguay; Bolivia; Argentina	Argentina: Eastern Formosa Province; Chaco Province. Paraguay: Northwest of Asunción
		2016	Ethnologue: Languages of the World, 19th Edition (2016)			Lewis, M. Paul, Gary F. Simons, and Charles D. Fennig	online	SIL International	Dallas, Texas	http://www.ethnologue.com		Lewis, M. Paul, Gary F. Simons, and Charles D. Fennig (eds.). 2016. Ethnologue: Languages of the World, Nineteenth edition (2016). Dallas, Texas: SIL International. Online version: http://www.ethnologue.com.		69,500 (from 2004)	40,760	2007	10000-99999	40,000 in Argentina. 760 in Paraguay.	Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)	Argentina: Chaco province: Bermejito, Castelli, Fontana, La Leonesa, Las Palmas, Miraflores, Pampa del Indio, Pcia, Resistencia, Roca, Saenz Peña, San Martín, Tres Isletas; Corrientes province; Formosa province: El Colorado, Misión Laishí, San Carlos; Santa Fe province: Rosario. Paraguay: San Pedro department: Boquerón-Arasapety and Urukuy-Las Palmas; Presidente Hayes department: Cerrito-Cerriteño, Cerrito-Río Verde, Cerrito-Rosarino, Naiñec, and San José.	Argentina, Paraguay
	3rd	2010	Atlas of the World’s Languages in Danger					UNESCO Publishing	Paris	http://www.unesco.org/culture/en/endangeredlanguages/atlas	Christopher Moseley (ed.)	Moseley, Christopher (ed.). 2010. Atlas of the World’s Languages in Danger, 3rd edn. http://www.unesco.org/culture/en/endangeredlanguages/atlas. (03 June, 2011.)	ll_pub		30,000		10000-99999		Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)				-25.958, -59.0625
		2007	South America	Atlas of the World's Endangered Languages	103-196	C. Moseley		London & New York: Routledge			Mily Crevels	Crevels, Mily. 2007. "South America." In Atlas of the World's Endangered Languages, edited by C. Moseley. 103-196. London & New York: Routledge.	HHOLD			2000	100-999	Speaker number: approximately 100 in Bolivia. Ethnic population: 36,000–60,000 in Argentina.	Endangered (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)		Bolivia; Argentina
			World Oral Literature Project							http://www.oralliterature.org		"World Oral Literature Project." Online: http://www.oralliterature.org.			20,656		10000-99999		Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)
		2012	Language endangerment in South America: The clock is ticking	The Indigenous Languages of South America: A Comprehensive Guide	167-234	Lyle Campbell and Veronica Grondona		Mouton de Gruyter	Berlin		Crevels, Mily	Crevels, Mily. 2012. "Language Endangerment in South America: The Clock Is Ticking." In The Indigenous Languages of South America: A Comprehensive Guide, edited by Hans Henrich Hock et al.. 167-234. Mouton de Gruyter.		70,951	31,593		10000-99999	Argentina 30,410 speakers, 69,452 populations. Paraguay 1,183 speakers, 1,499 population.	Vulnerable (20 percent certain, based on the evidence available)

Toba

Language metadata

Language information by source

Vulnerable

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

31,593

Vulnerable

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

21,410

Vulnerable

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

20,656

Vulnerable

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

30,000

Vulnerable

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

40,760

Endangered

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

100-999

Discussion

Toba

Language metadata

Language information by source

Vulnerable

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

31,593

Vulnerable

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

21,410

Vulnerable

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

20,656

Vulnerable

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

30,000

Vulnerable

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

40,760

Endangered

20 percent certain, based on the evidence available

100-999

Discussion

Suggest information or improvement

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Sources of information

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